12/4/2023 0 Comments PikaoPazar3.mk fills its database with an increasing number of ads on a daily basis! A lot of individuals and companies, sell their products and services thru Pazar3.mk. Reserves Officer, Dunedin City Council, Dunedin, New - The biggest market for buying and selling online! Aspects of the ecology of Desmochoenus spiralis (A. The effects of salinity on the growth of some New Zealand sand dune species. Guidelines for seed collection, propagation and establishment. There had been no existing plants in the area, but plants appeared following sand disturbance at a DCC sand mining operation 7. A natural seedbank of unknown age exist at Island Park, Dunedin. The length of time seed may remain viable for is unknown. Dormancy seems to set in shortly after seed maturity, after which germination may follow after the first year 3. Pikao seeds appear to have a dormancy mechanism which ensures seed viability over the longer-term 3,6. Wind dispersal is the primary mechanism for dispersal over short distance, whereas transportation via seawater allows dispersal over longer distances 3. Learn more about seed collection and propagation. Seeds also vary in size with the largest being about the size of a match head 2. Mature seeds are shiny, brown, egg-shaped and flat on one side however the exact shape depends on where the seed is located within the spikelet 6. Seeds then develop on the flowerheads in spikelets 6 and mature between December and February, depending on location (maturity is reached later in more southern, cooler locations). These are sent up from the plant on long sturdy stems. spiralis) on flowerheads that measure between 15-30cm in length 2. Pikao flowers are brown in colour and arranged in a spiral pattern (hence D. Seeds are produced sexually in the flowerheads 6 (see photo). Vegetative reproduction is the main means of reproduction in pikao, enabling plants to survive indefinately 4. The extensive root systems produced as a result of vegetative reproduction also allows greater extraction of water from larger masses of sand 3 which is essential for pikaos' survival. Rhizomes facilitate the dune building and stabiliation process by producing a large area of plant material and root systems to trap sand 3. These contain nutrients, water stores and root initials that allow the rhizomes to establish into the sand and to send out leaves 1. Rhizomes are long woody rope-like vegetative structures resembling roots that are sent out from the parent plants 3. Pikao reproduce in two ways, vegetative (rhizomes) (see photo) and sexually (seeds) (see photo) 3,6. Pikao's morphology is dependent on location, as its habit varies from north to south 2. They are more tolerant to root salinity than marram grass 6 and prefer exposed, unstable and bare sites 2. Pikao are limited by moisture, and a lack of sand movement 3. Pikao leaves turn a golden yellow when dried which is why Maori weavers prize them 5. These characteristics help to minimise moisture loss in the harsh coastal environment and probably afford some protection from salt spray 3,4. The leaves are organised into tufts and are stiff and curled and rough to touch. The foliage is coloured a brilliant green which turn a golden yellow or fiery orange at the ends. Sedge blades are triangular in shape whereas grasses form a straight line. Sedges are similar to grasses but can be distinguished from grasses by examining the stem/blades in cross section. It is endemic to (found only in) New Zealand's coastal environment and is one of our major sand binders along with Spinifex sericeus (spinifex or kowhangatara) and Austrofestuca littoralis (Sand Tussock or hinarepe), trapping sand to create dune systems 2. These Pikao (or pingao) is also known as the Golden Sand Sedge and its botanical name is Desmoschoenus spiralis 1.
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